In the Doric order, what is the echinus?

The echinus in the Doric order is indeed the round, cushion-like element that supports the abacus, which is the uppermost part of the capital of a column. In the context of the Doric order, the echinus is typically a simple, rounded shape that represents a stylistic choice adhering to the austere and robust characteristics of this architectural style.

Understanding the echinus is essential, as it plays a significant role in the overall proportions and aesthetics of Doric columns. The design of the echinus often reflects the discipline and strength associated with Doric architecture, which is considered the oldest and most straightforward of the classical orders. Its functionality is to create a smooth transition between the column shaft and the abacus above, emphasizing the verticality and solidity of the column.

The other options refer to different architectural elements or concepts that are not directly related to this specific aspect of the Doric order. The decorative band at the base pertains to a different part of the column's structure, reinforcing bolts are related to construction techniques but not to order elements, and the stylobate is the upper step of the temple platform that supports the columns. Each of these elements serves its function in the context of classical architecture but does not define what an ech