What are annular vaults in architectural design?

Annular vaults are characterized by their construction from concentric walls, which allows them to create a circular or elliptical shape in a building's design. This architectural feature involves forming a series of arched surfaces that lead to a central opening, resulting in a vault that resembles a series of curved lines encircling a central void. This method of construction is particularly advantageous for spanning large spaces without needing extensive support systems, which enhances the aesthetic qualities of the structure.

The use of concentric walls in annular vaults differentiates them from other types of vaults, such as barrel vaults, which are generally linear and created by extending a simple arch along a given distance. Annular vaults take this concept further by incorporating the radial design, hence their name, which means 'ring-shaped' in Latin, emphasizing their circular geometry.

Understanding annular vaults contributes to a broader comprehension of how different architectural forms can influence spatial dynamics and aesthetics within historical and contemporary contexts.