What is ashlar masonry characterized by?

Ashlar masonry is characterized by carefully cut and regularly shaped blocks of stone that are laid together with minimal or no mortar. This technique allows for a precise fit between the stones, which contributes to the aesthetic quality and structural integrity of the walls in which it is used. The angular, uniform nature of ashlar stones helps in creating smooth, flat surfaces and can enhance the architectural style of buildings, making it popular in classical architecture and prominent structures throughout history.

The other options refer to concepts that do not accurately describe ashlar masonry. The thickening in column construction pertains to variations or modifications in column design, while decorative techniques involving sculptures focus more on artistic expression rather than the structural application of stone. Lastly, wall plating methods in ancient structures are distinct from ashlar masonry, which specifically highlights the method of stone cutting and arrangement, rather than any superficial aesthetic treatments or cladding techniques.