What is the main function of public fountains in ancient Roman cities?

The primary function of public fountains in ancient Roman cities was to provide drinking water. Roman engineering and aqueduct systems allowed for a steady supply of fresh water, which was essential for public health and sanitation. These fountains served as a vital resource for the community, offering access to clean water for drinking and daily activities. They were strategically placed throughout cities to ensure that citizens could easily obtain water.

While decoration, social gatherings, and religious ceremonies were indeed associated with public fountains, these aspects were secondary to their fundamental purpose of supplying water. The impressive design and artistry of the fountains contributed to their aesthetic appeal, and they often became social meeting points; however, the primary utility remained the provision of potable water, which was crucial for the wellbeing of Roman urban society.